Call for papers: Culture and change

2012 UBC Anthropology Graduate Conference:

Culture and Change: Towards a Dynamic Anthropology
When: March 2-3
Deadline for submission: Jan 31

The Anthropology Department at the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, is pleased to announce the 2012 graduate student conference.

Anthropologists recognize that cultures are dynamic and changing. Recent global events, such as the uprising in Egypt and the Occupy Movement, have pushed these notions of social dynamism to the forefront of public consciousness. How do global forces combine with local dynamics to shape the futures of communities around the world? Scholars from the traditional fields of anthropology, as well as geography, political science, law, and other disciplines are engaging with this question in new ways.

We cordially invite graduate and undergraduate scholars across disciplines including but not limited to sociocultural, linguistic, and museum anthropology, archaeology, sociology, geography, history, and political science, to join us for an exploration of these themes. Please submit paper and poster abstracts by January 31st, 2012, to anthconfubc@gmail.com. Abstracts are limited to 150 words. Please include 3 or 4 keywords below the body of the abstract.

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Ecotourism trumped by ethical tourism?

By contributor Sean Carey

One of the great success stories of the travel sector in recent decades has been the development and growth in ecotourism, which is currently estimated to be worth around $60 billion annually. Companies, which operate in diverse environments, including cities, villages, religious sites and wildlife sanctuaries, have realized that to be perceived by consumers as “eco-friendly” bestows considerable status, especially where it has become the dominant benchmark of the new visitor economies in countries like Costa Rica, Ecuador, Kenya, Madagascar and Nepal. In these nations ecotourism contributes a significant amount to GDP, at the same time as it brings in much-needed foreign currency.

However, ecotourism is not always a progressive force. For example, the sector has sometimes been accused of profiteering at the expense of environmental degradation and hiding its sins behind “greenwashing.” Ecotourism has also been accused of the violation of human rights by colluding with the displacement of indigenous peoples — the shocking fate of the Maasai when the Masai Mara National Reserve in south-west Kenya was established in 1948 being a prime example.

The Developing World’s 10 Best Ethical Destinations. Source: Ethical Traveler

Some cultural anthropologists have added to the criticisms. For example, Carrier and Macleod claim that the distinction between ecotourism and mass tourism is difficult to sustain when “the destinations and experiences sold to tourists are abstracted from their contexts, thus inducing a distorted image of them and of ecotourism itself” (p. 315).

 

So, the purity of the “ecotourism” brand image has been damaged to some extent: it is no longer self-explanatory (and self-justifying), and many consumers are now uncertain about whether to trust the claims being made. Is there now a gap in the marketplace? The people behind Ethical Traveler, a small, non-profit organization that is part of the San Francisco-based Earth Island Institute, certainly think so. It has the tagline “Empowering Travelers to Change the World.”

Ethical Traveler has just issued its fifth annual “top ten” list of the developing world’s best ethical destinations for 2012. They are Argentina, Chile, Costa Rica, Latvia, Serbia and Uruguay and four island states, Bahamas, Dominica, Mauritius and Palau. All except the Bahamas, Mauritius and Serbia appeared on the 2011 list.

Using data from institutions like Freedom House, Millennium Challenge Corporation and the World Bank, three initial criteria — “environmental protection”, “social welfare” and “human rights” –- were used to draw up a shortlist of 30 countries. Then a more in-depth study was carried out to identify the actions of governments over the previous 12 months, in particular to find out whether policies implemented have improved or degraded the welfare of the population and the environment. This makes the Ethical Traveler list of approved ethical destinations broader in scope than many mainstream eco-tourism locations, which tend to have a much narrower remit focused on environmentalism.

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Anthro in the news 1/16/12

• The invisible anthropologist speaks about Haiti
Paul Farmer, rarely identified in the media as a cultural anthropologists as well as a doctor and humanitarian health advocate, was quoted on the front page of the Washington Post, above the crease, in an article about Haiti two years after the disastrous earthquake: “‘Recovery is here. It is painfully slow, it is agonizing to watch, but it is recovery,’ said Paul Farmer, a Harvard physician who has spent three decades in Haiti and whose group, Partners in Health, is opening a modern, 320-bed public teaching hospital an hour north of the Haitian capital.”

• Pentagon cuts are not so deep
TRNN interviewed Catherine Lutz about proposed cuts to the Pentagon budget. Lutz, a cultural anthropologist, is Thomas J. Watson Jr. professor of anthropology and international studies at Brown University where she is also chair of the anthropology department and director of the Watson Institute’s Costs of War study. In the interview, she states that “… the big picture hasn’t changed strategically. They’re still—the Pentagon and the Obama administration are still trying to position the U.S. military as the force which can do it all and be everywhere 24-7 to try and monitor and manage or control events… The budget itself has some decrease that’s going to occur, but this is quite small. When you control for inflation, it will be on the order of 4 percent over the next five years in comparison with last five…”

• Ritual sacrifice in context of globalizations and big business pressure
An article in the Daily Mail (London) about the recent “sacrificial” murder of a young girl in rural India quotes Subhadra Channa, professor of anthropology at Delhi University. Channa says that ritual sacrifice has been a tradition in India’s central belt in the past but that it may now be fuelled by attempts by big business to take land: “The tribal people feel really threatened. They are feeling helpless in the face of a big power,” she said.

• Mozambique sees relevance of anthropologists
The Africa news carried an article about a new agreement linking the Eduardo Mondlane University (UEM) and the Mozambican Ministry for the Coordination of Environmental Action that will engage the university in training environmental staff who will monitor new “mega-projects” in the country such as natural gas projects in the Rovuma Basin. The Vice-Chancellor of the University commented on the availability of knowledge at UEM and the need to integrate knowledge into policies: “It is who we train, just to cite a few examples, architects, doctors, sociologists, anthropologists, environmental engineers and educators…”

• Take that anthro degree
…and become a research biologist who makes fascinating discoveries about nonhuman primate sociality. Susanne Schultz graduated with a B.Sc. in anthropology from the University of California at Davis. She went on to earn an M.A. in ecology and evolution from the University of Stony Brook and then a Ph.D. in biology from the University of Liverpool. She is currently pursuing several research projects at Oxford University’s Institute of Cognitive and Evolutionary Anthropology under funding from a Royal Society Dorothy Hodgkin Fellowship through 2013. BBC picked up on a publication in Nature in which Schultz discusses the importance of being “flexibly social” in human evolution.

…and become a writer. With his B.A. in cultural anthropology from Wesleyan University, Sebastian Junger has gone to become a world-famous writer and documentary film-maker. He is the author of two books — The Perfect Storm and War — and co-producer, with the late Tim Hetherington, of the documentary film, Restrepo. He is also a contributing editor to Vanity Fair. This past week, he contributed a piece called In War, We All Desecrate the Enemy, in the Washington Post. In it, he discusses the four U.S. marines who urinated on dead Taliban fighters in Afghanistan. [Blogger’s note: please read his essay, read his book War, and watch Restrepo. Then you will even more surely understand Junger’s point in the WaPo article that the act of desecration of the four marines is one in which we — in war-supporting countries — all participated].

…and become a realtor. In Nashville, Tennessee, Jessica Averbuch is a partner and managing broker in a Nashville real estate. She holds a B.A. in anthropology from Washington University, St. Louis, and an M.A. from the University of Texas. She moved to Nashville with her husband who is chief financial officer of the company and also runs the mortgage company. She comments on why she likes her work: “The relationships. It’s a business, but it is very personal. In my new role as broker, the agents in my office are my clients, so that creates a whole new set of relationships. It’s an opportunity to train and mentor and help them develop their businesses.” In addition, “I’m really involved in the community. I’m on the board of Renewal House, which serves women battling addiction. I spend a lot of time on that.”

Continue reading “Anthro in the news 1/16/12”

Counting the costs of disasters

An article in Nature discusses the findings of economists that the monetary costs of disasters are rising mainly because more investments are being made in disaster-prone areas: “Almost two-thirds of 2011’s exceptionally high costs are attributable to two disasters unrelated to climate and weather: the magnitude-9.0 earthquake and tsunami that hit Japan in March, and February’s comparatively small but unusually destructive magnitude-6.3 quake in New Zealand.”

Catastrophe count graph from 1980-2010. Source: Munich RE

The article goes on to say: “That conclusion is backed up by a forthcoming study — supported by Munich Re — by economists Fabian Barthel and Eric Neumayer at the London School of Economics. Their analysis of events worldwide between 1990 and 2008 concludes that ‘the accumulation of wealth in disaster-prone areas is and will always remain by far the most important driver of future economic disaster damage'” (F. Barthel and E. Neumayer Climatic Change in press).

Some discussion then follows about the possibility that climate change is also involved in terms of precipitating weather-related disasters.

The article, in all, says nothing about the….what should we call them….human costs?

Anthro methods training opportunities

The 2012 Anthropology Methods Mall is online. This site has info about five, NSF-supported opportunities for methods training in cultural anthropology:

1.      SCRM (Short Courses on Research Methods. For those with the Ph.D.)
2.      SIRD (Summer Institute on Research Design. For graduate students)
3.      SFTM (Summer Field Training in Methods program in Bolivia. For graduate students)
4.      SIMA (Smithsonian Institution Summer Institute in Museum Anthropology. For graduate students)
5.      WRMA (Conference Workshops on Research Methods in Anthropology. For all anthropologists)

New journal on island cultures

Shima is a peer-refereed journal that is published twice a year in open access online form and as an annual print compendium.

The cultures referred to in the journal’s subtitle refer not only to arts, crafts, language, folklore, media etc. but also aspects of local or inter-local tourism, development, politics and/or religion and how these relate to island and maritime environments and ecologies.

Shima publishes:

–Theoretical and/or comparative studies of island cultures (and/or diasporic island communities)
–Case studies of island cultures
–Accounts of collaborative research and development projects in island cultures
–Analyses of fictional representations of islands and ‘islandness’

Fall issue of AnthroNotes

The fall issue of AnthroNotes, with its general theme on communication, contains the following articles:

–Unpacking Cars: Doing Anthropology at Intel by Genevieve Bell (Intel)

–Recovering Voices: Documenting and Sustaining Endangered Languages and Knowledge by Joshua Bell (NMNH)

–The Impact of Written Telecommunications Technology on the World’s Linguistic Diversity by Gabriela Pérez Báez (NMNH)

–Early Childhood Language and Classroom Discourse by Courtney B. Cazden (Harvard)

Access articles.

Call for papers: Displaced childhoods

Displaced childhoods: Oral history and traumatic experiences
Annual Conference of the Oral History Society at the University of Reading, United Kingdom

When: July 13-14
Deadline: Jan 21

Papers are invited that draw on current projects or recently completed work using oral history and related methods, which address the themes of disrupted and traumatic childhoods.

This conference aims to bring together oral history practitioners in academic, community and therapeutic settings who explore the effects that evacuation, forced migration or long-term separation can have on children. Oral history interviewing is often used to document the experiences and study the long-term psychological and emotional impact of disrupted childhoods as a result of war, conflict, evacuation or natural and civil disasters.

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Call for papers: Anthropology in the world

Anthropology in the World Conference

When: June 8-10
Deadline: January 16

The Royal Anthropological Institute is pleased to announce that a conference ‘Anthropology in the World’ will take place at the British Museum, Clore Centre, in conjunction with the BM Centre for Anthropology. The aim of this conference is to explore the manifold ways in which anthropology in its widest sense has been influential outside academia. It is aimed therefore at having a widespread appeal to the general public and to those anthropologists who are working in careers outside the university. We hope too that it will be of interest to academic anthropologists who are interested in the way that their subject is diffused and used in wider society, and to those students who are interested in applying their anthropological skills outside the academic arena.

For more information, click here.

Call for papers: Journal of health and pollution

Blacksmith Institute Journal of Health and Pollution

Deadline: February 29
Publication: June 2012

The Blacksmith Institute Journal of Health and Pollution (JH&P) is a semi-annual on-line journal of peer-reviewed research and news published by the Blacksmith Institute. The mission of JH&P is to facilitate a discussion of toxic pollution and impacts to human health, particularly focusing on poor- and middle-income countries.

The editors welcome manuscripts based on original research and findings from re-interpretation and examination of existing data. JH&P focuses particularly on point-source toxic pollution, research on related health impacts, environmental control and remediation technology. Pollutants of particular interest include: heavy metals, pesticides, radionuclides, dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), air particulates (PM10 and PM2.5) and other severe and persistent toxins. JH&P especially welcomes submissions describing the effects of lead, chromium, cadmium, mercury, radionuclides or arsenic. JH&P emphasizes work relating directly to poor and middle income countries, however highly relevant work relating to rich countries will be considered for publication on a case-by-case basis.

For more information, click here.