Row over corn rows hairstyle

By contributor Sean Carey

An 11 year-old African-Caribbean boy was refused entry to a Roman Catholic secondary school in North London in 2009 because he was wearing ‘corn rows’ (braided hair close to the scalp). Two years later, he has won a significant victory in the High Court.

Cornrow mohawk
Cornrow mohawk. Flickr/J Daniel Gonzalez.
The decision by St. Gregory’s Catholic Science College in Harrow to exclude him was ostensibly based on two reasons.

  1. His hair style contravened the school dress code. Boys are obliged to wear their hair in a military-style “short back and sides.”
  2. His hair style might encourage separatism, and possibly a “gang culture,” within the institution.

The judge ruled that the school’s decision was “unlawful” and encouraged “indirect discrimination” by not taking into account an individual’s cultural background and heritage.

“There are a number of Afro-Caribbeans for whom cutting their hair and wearing it in corn rows is a matter of their cultural background,” he said, “and can work against them on the basis of their ethnicity.”

Sewing in the braids. Flickr/Samantha Steele
Sewing in the braids. Flickr/Samantha Steele
The case is unusual in the U.K., although exceptions have been made in the case of male Sikhs. Because of their religious tradition of wearing turbans, they are exempt from wearing crash helmets while riding motorcycles and scooters.

But the new ruling on corn rows was based on secular customary behaviour — in this instance, family and a wider cultural tradition amongst some African-Caribbeans (and Black Africans).

A spokesperson for St. Gregory’s said that it is “naturally disappointed” (press release PDF) with the ruling and is considering taking the case to the Court of Appeal.

Open CCAFS call for proposals

CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) has launched an Open call for Proposals for the “Farms of the Future” research project, aiming at the:

Development of a method to study farmer’s social, cultural and gender specific barriers for enabling behavioral change and improve adaptive capacity, based on farmers’ exchanges between climatic analogues locations

The project will particularly improve understanding of social and cultural perceptions of future climates, local practices and available tools for enabling change. The adopted approach will allow the participatory diagnosis of capacities and needs, thus aiding in the design of community-appropriate adaptation strategies.

Continue reading “Open CCAFS call for proposals”

The 2011 National Native Language Revitalization Summit

When: Wednesday, June 22
Where: Capitol Hill

Join language advocates for this annual grassroots gathering founded by the National Alliance to Save Native Languages and leadership from the National Indian Education Association. This year’s summit, Promoting Indigenous Language Rights in Practice: Language Rights Advocacy Day on Capitol Hill aims to educate each member of the U.S. House and Senate appropriations committees about Native American language leaders who are using extremely limited federal funding for urgent local tribal language revitalization projects. You can help reach out to congressional appropriators: Read more.

Summit registration is available online

Magical hair on the move

By contributor Sean Carey

What a difference a year can make. For example, in the life of Wayne Rooney. In 2010 there was endless speculation about whether he would be leaving Manchester United and sign for Real Madrid (a new contract ensured that he didn’t). This year the headlines are all about his new hair transplant.

Wayne Rooney
Wayne Rooney. Wikipedia, via Flickr.
The 25-year-old Liverpool-born England striker has been losing the hair on his head for some time. In 2009, it was reported that he was taking the drug finasteride, produced by U.S. company, Merck, and sold under the brand name Propecia. It blocks the conversion of testosterone into dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and helps to prevent further hair loss. It even promotes hair re-growth in some people.

Evidently, in Rooney’s case the pills didn’t work. So he took more drastic action: a hair transplant operation.

According to press reports, Rooney spent around £30,000 on the operation in a clinic in London’s Harley Street. That’s a significant amount for most people but very small change for the soccer superstar, who is reputed to be on £200,000 a week.

The operation involved taking hair follicles from the back of his head and transplanting them to the top and front. The results certainly look impressive – at least so far. According to his own account on Twitter, Rooney is as pleased as punch: “The new hair is coming on people” announced to his followers on Thursday. “Swelling gone down #hairwego.”

However, the even more interesting aspect of the story is the ostentatious public declaration. It appears that the embarrassment attached to hair replacement at least amongst some segments of the U.K.’s male population has disappeared. Simply put, a hair transplant is no longer a source of shame. Instead it provides an opportunity to communicate and celebrate with members of an abstract, diffuse peer group using diverse global social media platforms.
Continue reading “Magical hair on the move”

Lessons from a grain of salt

Salt is something that many people in the world take for granted. The anthropology perspective is that anything taken for granted deserves closer analytical attention. Two recently published studies shed light on the importance of access to salt and its effects on human health.

Salt mounds in Sudan. Creative Commons License on Flickr

A team of multidisciplinary researchers examined people’s acecss to salt/iodized salt during and after the armed conflict in south Sudan. After the 2005 peace agreement, people’s access to salt/iodized salt increased substantially. Iodine is an important factor in human growth and development, and reducing iodine deficiency is one of the Millennium Development Goals.

In a study conducted in 12 villages in southern India, findings show that access to salt in the diet has different effects on men and women, depending on class. Among men and women with higher education and class levels, higher salt intake occurs. It is associated with increased hypertension among men but not women.

Anthro in the news 6/13/11

• Anthro of cybersex
In an article on cyber-philandering, the Daily Beast mentions Helen Fisher, biological anthropologist in the Center for Human Evolutionary Studies in the Department of Anthropology at Rutgers University. The explanation provided is biological: sexual arousal pumps up dopamine levels, and brain scans show that the more dopamine is present in the brain, the less blood flow reaches the part of the cortex associated with decision making. Blogger’s note: let’s try thinking about this issue a bit more and definitely beyond only dopamine. Readers, can you help, please?

• Anthro of autism
The Huffington Post carried an interview with Roy Richard Grinker, professor of cultural anthropology at George Washington University, on cross-cultural rates of autism and focusing on a recently published study that he co-authored about autism rates in South Korea.

• Endangered Australian rock art
Archaeologists are launching a campaign to save Australia’s indigenous rock paintings. Paul Tacon, professor of anthropology and archaeology at Griffith University in Queensland, comments that few Australians know or care much about Australian indigenous rock art, as compared to France or South Africa. Alistair Paterson, archaeology professor at the University of Western Australia, says, however, “The art is globally significant.” Aboriginal communities are involved in a project to digitize and store rock art images and will decide about public access to the images, given cultural laws about access only by initiated people.

• Washed-up hand-axe
An ancient hand-axe between 100,000-450,000 years old was found on an Orkney beach, Scotland. Orkney-based archaeologist Caroline Wickham-Jones, lecturer in archaeology at the University of Aberdeen, is quoted as saying that the axe’s discovery is “incredibly exciting” and “pre-Ice Age.”

• Lean cuisine a la gorilla
The New York Times covered findings about the lean diet of our primate relatives, specifically gorillas. Jessica Rothman, an anthropologist at Hunter College of the City University of New York, and colleagues, studied mountain gorillas in Uganda. Apparently gorilla diets are in line with recommendations of the American Heart Association. Findings are published in the journal Biology Letters.

• Take that degree and do something with it
Here is an example of someone with a B.A. in anthropology who becomes a successful author. Darby Karchut earned a B.A. degree in anthropology from the University of New Mexico. She moved to Colorado and earned a Master’s in education and became a social studies teacher. Her first novel for teens, Griffin Rising, blends ancient myths with modern urban life.

• Kudos
Genevieve von Petzinger, Ph.D candidate in anthropology at the University of Victoria, is the only Canadian on the list of 20 new international fellows at the TEDGlobal Conference 2011 to be held in Edinburgh, Scotland. Von Petzinger earned international media attention last year with her interpretation of Ice Age cave designs based on a database she compiled of 5,000 designs from 146 caves in France.

Archaeologist, Richard Wright, emeritus professor at the University of Sydney, has been recognized for his work in this year’s Queens Birthday Honours List and is now a Member of the Order of Australia. Wright, who is semi-retired, has been a leader in the field of forensic archaeology. He helped reveal mass graves in France, Ukraine and Bosnia.

Street food: take it or leave it

Street vendor, Ouagadougou
Street vendor, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Flickr/Adam Jones

Sean Carey’s earlier post about getting his car washed made me think that his car is probably cleaner than many people’s hands (you may recall a post in 2010 reporting on a study of fecal matter on public transportation riders’ hands in four places in the U.K).

My morning’s ramble through Google Scholar led me to an article (PDF) that most readers may have missed — it’s not written by anthropologists, and it’s published in the African Journal of Biotechnology. But it will be of interest to any world traveler, especially those who (like me) sometimes cannot resist street food. Plus, it’s open access.

The researchers collected and analyzed 70 samples of dish washing water, 85 pieces of money and 80 utensils from street food vendors in Ouagadougou, the capital of Burkina Faso.

You can read the details yourself in the article. Here is the conclusion: The data show high levels of pathogens in all the samples. Pathogen risk increases when vendors use their bare hands to serve.

Temporary faculty position at Indiana University of PA

Position: The Anthropology Department at Indiana University of Pennsylvania seeks to fill a full time temporary position during the 2011-2012 academic year. Teaching responsibilities will include sections of Contemporary Anthropology as well as Cultural Anthropology and Anthropology of Religion. There may also be opportunities for successful applicants to teach in their areas of specialization. All areas of specialization are welcome.

Qualifications: At or near PhD, teaching experience required. Candidate must communicate effectively and perform well during the interview. All applicants must be work eligible.  

How to Apply: Send letter of application, CV, at least three letters of reference, transcripts, and evidence of teaching ability to Dr. Phillip Neusius, Chair, Anthropology Department, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Indiana, PA 15705. Fax: 724-357-6478. Review of applications will begin as soon as received and continue until the positions are filled.

IUP is an equal opportunity employer M/F/H/V. IUP is member of the Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education.

Student paper contest in linguistic anthropology

The Society for Linguistic Anthropology is conducting a student essay competition for the best undergraduate paper in linguistic anthropology.

The deadline for the undergraduate contest is July 30.

The SLA will award a cash prize of $500, as well as $300 in travel reimbursement for the prize winner, in order to help ensure that they’ll be able to attend the AAA conference and accept their prize in person.

The paper must be an original work based on original research conducted by the author. It will be evaluated on the basis of its clarity, significance to the field, and substantive contribution.

Anthro in the news 6/6/11

• Haiti earthquake and the politics of numbers
A new report containing revised statistics about deaths and displacement following the 2010 earthquake in Haiti created a media buzz this past week. The report was written by Timothy Schwartz, a cultural anthropologist, and commissioned by the United States Agency for International Development. Aid providers are concerned that the smaller numbers will provide an excuse for further delays in moving money committed in 2010 by major donor countries. Blogger’s note: even when the numbers were big, the big money didn’t move.

• Anthropology of perps
According to an article in Newsweek, one of the two lead detectives in the Special Victims Division of the New York Police Department working on the Dominique Strauss-Kahn case is Alan Sandomir. Sandomir, whose undergraduate major was anthropology, says: “Doing this job is truly fighting the good fight.”

• Calling on volunteers for clean-up in Japan
An article in the Japan Times discusses the work of David Slater, associate professor of cultural anthropology at Sophia University, in promoting volunteer clean-up efforts in the Tohoku region. Slater is working with the American Chamber of Commerce and Peace Boat, a non-governmental organization. Slater emphasizes the importance of involving business people both as individuals and as part of corporate social responsibility.

• On the move: dealing with rural poverty in India
The Times of India quoted Govinda Reddy, professor of anthropology at Madras University, in an article about how men farmers increasingly commute to Chennai to work as drivers in order to compensate for declining incomes from farming. Reddy says: “The auto drivers earn according to city standards but spend only in a village economy.”

• Intel anthropology
BBC News interviewed cultural anthropologist Genevieve Bell about what it’s like to be a corporate anthropologist.

• Dunbar’s number again
Robin Dunbar, professor of biological anthropology at Oxford University, continues to attract media attention with his theory that a person cannot truly have more than 150 friends or, more generally, that human group solidarity maxes out over 150 people. In an interview with National Public Radio, he comments on Facebook overload and military organization, among other topics.

• Before match.com
A big media hit of the past week was a finding that among early human ancestors in Africa, around two million years ago, males stayed in place while females left their home areas to seek out a mate. The interpretation is that this pattern is advantageous to males as a way of defending their territory and maintaining access to known food sources. Blogger’s queries: Doesn’t it seem that when males are on the move, the story is that they are spatially smart and creative? But, when females are on the move, aren’t they more likely to be depicted as cast-out from their home territory and socially needy? Similarly, explaining stay-at-home males seems to generate a story of powerful holders of knowledge about food sources and protectors of territory. When females are the stay-at-home group, they are more likely to be depicted as dependent and lacking spatial skills. Hm.

• Tunnel of death
A newly-discovered 1,800 year-old tunnel below the ancient city of Teotihuacan, Mexico, likely leads to chambers containing the remains of rulers of one of the most influential cities of pre-Hispanic America, according to Sergio Gomez Chavez, an archaeologist at Mexico’s National Institute of Anthropology and History.

Continue reading “Anthro in the news 6/6/11”